Vice President Mike Pence, left, administers the oath of office to US Ambassador to Israel David M. Friedman, center, accompanied by his wife Tammy, right, in Washington.

David Friedman, a Jewish American attorney close to President Donald Trump, and who is known for a hardline stand in favor of settlements in occupied territories, was sworn in Wednesday as new US envoy to Israel.

The Senate confirmed his nomination in a 52-46 vote.

“One of the clearest signs of the president’s commitment to the state of Israel and to its people is in his choice of David Friedman as America’s Ambassador to Israel,” Vice President Mike Pence said at the event.

A longtime attorney and the son of a rabbi, Friedman has backed Jewish settlements in some occupied territories, as well as moving the US embassy to Jerusalem from Tel Aviv.

“This is a critical time for our two nations and our peoples. The challenges we face are many, but our resolve to overcome them has never been stronger,” Pence said.

“Under President Trump’s leadership, the United States will always be a faithful friend to the Jewish State of Israel.”

The Israel job was seen as a key bellwether of the new administration’s attitude to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and Friedman’s nomination was welcomed by the Israeli right.

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu declared on Twitter that Friedman “will be warmly welcomed as President Trump’s representative and as a close friend of Israel.”

Before becoming the ambassadorial nominee, Friedman was known as a vocal supporter of Israeli causes, including the building of settlements on Palestinian land in Jerusalem and the West Bank.

He clashed with American Jewish progressive groups, notably dubbing liberals “worse than kapos,” a reference to Jewish collaborators who worked as guards in Nazi prison camps.

And he is widely seen as hostile to the two-state solution – the vision of an end to the conflict in which Israel and a future Palestine live side-by-side within agreed borders.

Trump’s administration insists it might support this idea if Israel comes to a deal, but has clearly softened the Obama administration’s tough criticism of Israeli settlements.

Democratic senator Dianne Feinstein voted against Friedman and dubbed him “too divisive to serve in one of our nation’s most sensitive diplomatic positions.”

And liberal Jewish lobby group J Street said it was “heartened” that the level of opposition to Friedman’s confirmation showed that his views were outside the US mainstream.

Trump, who is Protestant, is the first US president to have Jewish members of his immediate family.

His daughter, Ivanka, converted to Judaism before marrying Jared Kushner, a billionaire developer and now her father’s White House adviser.